Annotated Bibliographies

Abstract

The annotated bibliographies were used in order to help us develop our ability of writing annotated bibliographies and become more acquainted with them. These bibliographies were used for our scientific controversy papers as the bibliography and the articles cited were used in the paper. Through this assignment, I fully understood how to write a proper annotated bibliography as well as the requirements for the annotated bibliographies.

Annotated Bibliographies #1

Hoffman, J. (2019, March 05). One More Time, With Big Data: Measles Vaccine Doesn’t Cause Autism. Retrieved March 25, 2019, from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/05/health/measles-vaccine-autism.html

Study has found that the MMR vaccine does not cause autism or increase one’s risk of developing autism. The article states, “The study strongly supports that MMR vaccination does not increase the risk of autism, does not trigger autism in susceptible children, and is not associated with clustering of autism cases after vaccination.” One form of research done is a study following 31,619 children who remained unvaccinated.  It was found that 6,517 children received a diagnosis of autism. This proved no “proportional incidence” between the diagnosis of unvaccinated and vaccinated children. The myth of the MMR vaccine causing autism must be debunked in the proper manner.

The evidence provided in the article support the authors claim. The article provides results of research studies done which prove the claim that there is no correlation between the MMR vaccine and autism. One study followed 31,619 children who remained unvaccinated and after 6517 children developed autism, it was found to be no proportional incidence between the unvaccinated and vaccinated children. The evidence coincides with previous research tests conducted which span back decades.

Annotated Bibliographies #2

Children’s Hospital. (2014, November 05). Vaccines and Autism. Retrieved March 25, 2019, from https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/vaccines-and-other-conditions/vaccines-autism

Two studies were conducted claiming the MMR vaccine causes autism. The first study was conducted by Andrew Wakefield and colleagues in 1998 claiming that the MMR vaccine caused a series of events including intestinal inflammation, entrance into the bloodstream of proteins harmful to the brain and development of autism. Wakefield described 12 children who had developmental disabilities where 8 had autism and all children had intestinal complaints and developed autism within one month of receiving the MMR vaccine. The second study involved a test of intestinal biopsy samples for the presence of the measles virus in intestinal biopsy tissue of children with and without autism. It was found that 75 out of 91 children with autism had the measles virus present in the intestinal biopsy tissue compared to 5 of 70 children without autism.

The evidence provided in the article support this author’s claim and contradicts the claim of the first article. Both forms of evidence revolve around the intestinal issues resulting from the MMR vaccine that eventually lead to development of autism. Wakefield’s claim includes claiming the “(MMR) vaccine caused a series of events including intestinal inflammation, entrance into the bloodstream of proteins harmful to the brain and development of autism.